Safety Tips for Handling Sealed Lead Acid Batteries

Batteries are a great source of portable energy, and when you handle them carefully and follow basic safety precautions they will power your equipment reliably and without danger.

Sealed lead acid batteries are used in motorcycles, ATVs, boats, RVs, mobility scooters, uninterruptable power supply devices and alarms because they are safe and provide reliable, inexpensive power. Used and disposed of properly, there is little risk of health or safety hazards.

Even so, the materials used to make SLA batteries can be hazardous if they find their way outside of the battery casing. This can happen due to misuse of the battery or from overcharging.

What Is in the Battery?

A standard SLA battery consists of:

• Lead Alloy Plates: Made of lead mixed with small amounts of antimony, calcium, tin, or selenium for strength.
• Electrolyte Solution: A mixture of approximately 35% sulfuric acid and 65% water.

Essential Safety Tips

While SLA batteries are safe when sealed, the materials inside are toxic and corrosive. Follow these protocols to minimize risk:

1. Physical Inspection

• Check for Damage: Never charge or use a battery that is swollen, cracked, or leaking.
• Secure Mounting: Install the battery tightly. While SLA batteries can be mounted in various positions, excessive vibration or "bumping" can rupture the outer casing.

2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Always wear the following when handling or installing batteries:

• Eye Protection: Safety goggles to prevent acid splashes.
• Gloves & Long Sleeves: To protect skin from corrosive leaks.

3. Electrical Safety

Even a disconnected battery can deliver a dangerous shock.

• Avoid "Shorting": Never bridge the positive and negative terminals with metal tools.
• Remove Jewelry: Rings and watches can conduct electricity and cause severe burns.
• Proper Carrying: Never lift a battery by its terminals. Use a dedicated carrying strap or cradle.

Emergency Response: Acid Exposure

If the battery casing is breached and you come into contact with the electrolyte solution:

Proper Charging & Gas Venting

Overcharging is one of the most common causes of battery failure and safety hazards.

• Use the Right Charger: Always match the charger's voltage and amperage to the battery manufacturer's specifications.
• Avoid Overheating: Charging too fast creates internal gas pressure. This may force the safety valves to open, venting toxic and flammable gases.
• No Sparks: Ensure your charging area is well-ventilated and kept away from open flames or sparks to prevent explosions.

Lifting and Disposal

Safe Lifting

SLA batteries are deceptively heavy. To avoid injury:

1. Stand close to the battery.
2. Keep your back straight.
3. Lift with your legs, not your back.

Responsible Recycling

Lead-acid batteries contain toxic heavy metals and should never be thrown in the trash.

• Recycle: Almost 99% of a lead-acid battery is recyclable.
• Drop-off: Most retailers that sell SLA batteries are required by law to accept old ones for proper recycling.

When your battery no longer holds a charge and can't power your device, make sure to dispose of it properly and safely. The best option is to recycle it. Most places that sell SLA batteries also accept them for recycling.